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struts2与hibernate整合实例

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程序功能为注册用户，显示用户信息。分四层:jsp,action,service,DAO 1、在lib目录加入struts2与hibernate的包。我是用 2、在web.xml增加struts2的过滤器 3、注册表单,register.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>


  
    My JSP 'register.jsp' starting page
  
  
    
        用户名: 
        密码:
        年龄:

4、建Model:建包com.model,类Person

package com.model;

import java.sql.Date;

public class Person {
    private Integer id;
    //最好用Integer而不是用int,后面查询需要Integer
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Integer age;
    private Date registerDate;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Date getRegisterDate() {
        return registerDate;
    }
    public void setRegisterDate(Date registerDate) {
        this.registerDate = registerDate;
    }
}

5、配置Model与数据库字段的映射，在src目录下添加Person.hbm.xml(不是严格要求的):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <!-- name类名，table表名 -->
    <class name="com.model.Person" table="person">
        <!-- id标签表示主键 -->
        <id name="id" column="id" type="int">
            <!-- 自动增长 -->
            <generator class="increment"></generator>
        </id>
        <!-- 下面是字段映射 name属性,column是字段 type数据库类型 -->
        <property name="username" column="username" type="string"></property>
        <property name="password" column="password" type="string"></property>
        <property name="age" column="age" type="int"></property>
        <property name="registerDate" column="registerDate" type="date"></property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

6、配置Hibernate数据库连接,src目录下建hibernate.cfg.xml(可改名，但不建议),内容如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password"></property>
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <!-- 设置dialect属性可以使用该类型数据库特性 -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
        <!-- 在命令行输出SQL语句 -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <!-- Model属性与数据库字段的映射文件 -->
        <mapping resource="Person.hbm.xml" />
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

注意，需要导入mysql jdbc驱动jar包. 7、数据库连接与关闭:包com.util类HibernateUtil

package com.util;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class HibernateUtil {
    private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    //因为sessionFactory一旦生成就不需要关闭,即使配置文件修改也不会影响，所以放在静态代码片段中，类加载时就生成
    static{
        sessionFactory=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
    }
    public static Session openSession()
    {
        Session session=sessionFactory.openSession();
        return session;
    }
    public static void close(Session session)
    {
        if(session!=null)
        {
            session.close();
        }
    }
}

8、写DAO层(调用Hibernate API与数据库交互)，建包com.dao,接口PersonDAO,内容如下:

package com.dao;
import com.model.Person;
public interface PersonDAO {
    public void savePerson(Person person);
    public Person showPerson(Integer id);
}

一个保存用户(注册),一个返回指定ID的用户。 实现:包com.dao.impl,类PersonDAOImpl:

package com.dao.impl;

import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.dao.PersonDAO;
import com.model.Person;
import com.util.HibernateUtil;

public class PersonDAOImpl implements PersonDAO {

    @Override
    public void savePerson(Person person) {
        //开启session,与HttpSession完全没有任何关系，相当于一个数据库连接对象
        org.hibernate.Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
        //开启事务
        try {
            //插入
            session.save(person);
            tx.commit();
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            if (null != tx) {
                tx.rollback();
                //失败回滚
            }

        } finally {
            //关闭session
            HibernateUtil.close(session);
        }

    }

    @Override
    public Person showPerson(Integer id) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        org.hibernate.Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
        //get方法取出对象
        Person person = (Person) session.get(Person.class, id);
        return person;
    }
}

9、Service层，主要功能是逻辑处理，这里是与DAO层交互，即调用DAO层方法取出数据: 建com.service包,类PersonService：

package com.service;

import com.model.Person;

public interface PersonService {
    public void savePerson(Person person);
    public Person showPerson(Integer id);
}

实现类PersonServiceImpl,包com.service.impl中

package com.service.impl;

import com.dao.PersonDAO;
import com.dao.impl.PersonDAOImpl;
import com.model.Person;
import com.service.PersonService;

public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {
    @Override
    public void savePerson(Person person) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        PersonDAO personDAO=new PersonDAOImpl();
        personDAO.savePerson(person);
    }
    @Override
    public Person showPerson(Integer id) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        PersonDAO personDAO=new PersonDAOImpl();
        Person person=personDAO.showPerson(id);
        return person;
    }
}

10、建Action(接收用户请求，作简单的包装),包com.action，类PersonAction,这里把查询和注册的方法写在同一个action中。

package com.action;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.model.Person;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.service.PersonService;
import com.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl;

public class PersonAction extends ActionSupport {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Integer age;
    private Integer id;
    
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    /**
     * 保存用户
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public String savePerson() throws Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Person person=new Person();
        person.setAge(age);
        person.setPassword(password);
        person.setUsername(username);
        
        java.sql.Date registerDate=new java.sql.Date(new java.util.Date().getTime());
        person.setRegisterDate(registerDate);
        
        PersonService personService=new PersonServiceImpl();
        personService.savePerson(person);
        
        return SUCCESS;
    }
    /**
     * 取用户
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public String showPerson() throws Exception{
        PersonService personService=new PersonServiceImpl();
        Person person=personService.showPerson(id);
        ServletActionContext.getRequest().setAttribute("person", person);
        return SUCCESS;
    }
}

struts.xml中配置Action:

    <package name="struts2_hibernate" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="savePerson" class="com.action.PersonAction" method="savePerson">
        </action>
        <action name="showPerson" class="com.action.PersonAction" method="showPerson">
            <result name="success">/showPerson.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>

savePerson没有写result，所以添加成功后返回404. 显示用户信息的jsp,showPerson.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>


  
    My JSP 'showPerson.jsp' starting page
  
  
    ${person.username }
    ${person.password }
    ${person.age }

启动服务器测试前，先在数据库中建好相应的表 注册用户:http://localhost:8080/hibernate/register.jsp 查看用户:http://localhost:8080/hibernate/showPerson.action?id=用户id